软件靠得住性仿真测试平台实时科技研究

Software dependability test is a more popular topic in area of current software science and technology, software dependability is bigger and bigger to the influence of whole system dependability, especially to aviation kind for systematic software, software breakdown often is one of main reasons that cause systematic failure. Use imitate to be measured target software runs an environment actually to have a test to software is one of software test methods that think consistently domestic and internationally to compare ideal at present. The moving environment of dependability of software of reasonable design target, relatively bona fide imitate goes out to be measured the real moving environment of software, not only can detect the breakdown that runs the existence in the process to target software, and the authenticity that also can assure to check a result and degree of confidence. The article emulates the foundation of the composition that checks platform and function to go up in introductory software dependability, it is with emulator subsystem exemple, to platform the science and technology of a few implementation in checking a process in real time undertook study. Platform of whole emulation test uses function of system of platform of 1 emulation test and compositive frame 　 distributed structure, by advocate accuse machine subsystem (the following abbreviation is given priority to accuse machine) , emulator subsystem (the following abbreviation is emulator) with activator subsystem (the following abbreviation is activator) 3 subsystem composition, if the graph is shown 1 times,the cross-linking of each subsystem and software of the target that be measured concerns. Among them, advocate accuse machine the control center that is test platform, it is in charge of generating primitive test data, distribute a test to use to emulator, activator exemple, coordinate the work of two subsystem, control the working mode of emulator and activator according to checking a state. Emulator and activator will advocate accuse machine is deferent the test that come over uses exemple data, the test that makes true target software can be received uses example number to give a target the system according to conveying, in the meantime, emulator and activator are in charge of working oneself state information and the test result data that get from target system carry rock-bottom network real time or blame convey in real time time advocate accuse machine. Graph the 　 of cross-linking concern plan of platform of 1 emulation test is written into by assembly language as a result of target software, in-house processing process is relatively complex, use black box to check a method so. The processing cycle of target software is 25 Ms, because this is in process of real time test, need every 25 Ms to a group of tests pass 1553B bus line by emulator with exemple data, activator is passed and the mouth inputs target software at the same time. Emulator and activator need Ms of every 25 　 to produce the data-in of target software not only, synchronism transmits data to target software, and the output that emulator still can receive target software, and undertake to outputting data corresponding real time is handled, the collection that is like result data, save those who reach data to show etc. Because whole test platform comes true on the Win98 operating system that is not real time, much task, accordingly, the much job that how uses Win98 is concurrent characteristic, use reasonable job to attemper politic, inside task processing cycle, finish all sorts of tasks on time, coordinate many tasks consistent, it is the problem that basically should solve in whole design process. In the graph a shown platform in each subsystem, advocate controlling machine and target software is to pass emulator to form real time closed circuit. Emulator is used through the test exemple, real time gives out the order that the cross-linking subsystem that target software closed circuit runs a need issues and data, make target software can move in relatively true emulation job section and cross-linking environment. Accordingly, emulator is one of emulation test platform main component, the method of real time implementation of emulator is the key that whole platform system designs. 2.1 emulator of the functional design of 2 emulator subsystem and 　 of 　 of science and technology of real time implementation subsystem of emulator of 　 of subsystem function structure is a system of real time task, in whole test the operation pattern of the process falls, need the job with intercurrent different processing, if data saves file to disk in real time, extraction, seesaw pattern shows, the task such as bus line of 1553B of drive of every 25 Ms, the task attempers involve the resource such as interface of structure of CPU, memory, network, hard disk, data, I/O, consequently reasonable attemper each tasks, allocate the systematic resource that its take up correctly, it is one of vital part that emulator test platform designs. Restore ability quickly to increase the dependability of platform system and trouble, emulator uses a function modular design method. The working module work of different job correspondence is relatively substantive, can be opposite according to new science and technology at any time the software algorithm of corresponding module undertakes updating mixing augment, this kind of design develops the character of the much task of Win98 easily, increase the capacity that platform system works in real time. Among them, the task attempers the core that processing module is emulator platform system, other of each function module moving is attemper in processing the unified processing of module controls next finishing. If the graph is shown 2 times,the logic between the functional module of it and other job calls a concern. 12 3 4 of on one page issues one page

　　软件靠得住性测试是当前软件科技区域中一个比较热点的话题，软件靠得住性对整个系统靠得住性的影响越来越大，尤其对于航空类系统软件来说，软件故障往往是导致系统失败的首要起因之一。采用模拟被测方针软件理论运行情况对软件进行测试是今朝国内外分歧认为比较理想的软件测试办法之一。合理设计方针软件靠得住性的运行情况，较为真实地模拟出被测软件的真实运行情况，不单能够检测到方针软件运行过程中存在的故障，而且也能够包管测试成果的真实性和置信度。

　　本文在介绍软件靠得住性仿真测试平台的组成及性能的根本上，以仿真器分系统为例，对平台在实时测试过程中的一些实现科技进行了研究。

　　1　仿真测试平台系统性能及组成框架

　　整个仿真测试平台采用漫衍式结构，由主控机分系统（以下简称为主控机）、仿真器分系统（以下简称为仿真器）和激励器分系统（以下简称为激励器）三个分系统组成，各分系统与被测方针软件的交联关系如图1所示。其中，主控机是测试平台的节制中心，它负责生成原始测试数据，向仿真器、激励器分发测试用例，协调两个分系统的工作，并按照测试状况节制仿真器和激励器的工作模式。仿真器和激励器将主控机传送过来的测试用例数据，生成真正的方针软件能够领受的测试用例数据传送给方针系统，同时，仿真器和激励器负责将本身工作状况信息和从方针系统获得的测试成果数据经由过程底层收集实时或非实时地传送回主控机。

　　图1　仿真测试平台的交联关系图

　　因为方针软件由汇编说话写成，内部措置过程较为简单，所以采用黑盒测试办法。方针软件的措置周期为25 ms，是以在实时测试过程中，需要每25 ms有一组测试用例数据由仿真器经由过程1553B总线，激励器经由过程并口同时输入给方针软件。仿真器和激励器不仅需要每25　ms发生方针软件的输入数据，同步向方针软件发送数据，而且仿真器还能领受方针软件的输出，而且对输出数据进行响应的实时措置，如成果数据的收集、保存及数据的显示等等。因为整个测试平台是在非实时、多任务的Win98操作系统上实现的，是以，若何操纵Win98的多任务并发的特征，采用合理的任务调剂策略，在任务措置周期内，按时实现各类任务，并将多个任务协调分歧，是整个设计过程中首要应该解决的问题。

　　在图1所示的平台各分系统中，主控机与方针软件是经由过程仿真器形成实时闭环的。仿真器经由过程测试用例，实时给出方针软件闭环运行所需要的交联子系统发出的呐喊和数据,使得方针软件能够在较为真实的仿真任务剖面和交联情况中运行。是以，仿真器是仿真测试平台中的一个主要组成部门，仿真器的实时实现办法是整个平台系统设计的重点。

　　2　仿真器分系统的性能设计及实时实现科技

　　2.1　仿真器分系统性能结构

　　仿真器分系统是个实时任务系统，在整个测试过程的运行模式下，需要并发措置分歧的任务，如数据实时存盘、提取、交互式显示、每25 ms驱动1553B总线等任务，任务调剂波及到CPU、内存、收集、硬盘、数据结构、I/O接口等资本，因而合理调剂各个任务，正确分派其所占用的系统资本，是仿真器测试平台设计的要害之一。

　　为了进步平台系统的靠得住性和故障迅速恢复能力，仿真器采用性能模块化设计办法。分歧任务对应的工作模块工作相对自力，能够随时依据新科技对响应模块的软件算法进行更新和缩减，这种设计易于阐扬Win98的多任务的特征，进步平台系统实时工作的能力。其中，任务调剂治理模块是仿真器平台系统的核心，其他各性能模块的运行都是在治理调剂模块的统一治理节制下实现的。它与其他任务的性能模块之间的逻辑挪用关系如图2所示。
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发布日期：2009-1-1　【返回】